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Constants Reference

Named limits, dimensions, scores, timings, and gameplay constants.

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Constants Reference

A curated reference for gameplay-facing compile-time constants in the codebase. Some local helper constants live beside their implementation and are intentionally summarized rather than exhaustively duplicated here.

game.h Constants

These are available to every file that #include "game.h".

Window

Constant Value Description
WINDOW_TITLE "Super Mango" Text shown in the OS title bar
WINDOW_W 800 OS window width in physical pixels
WINDOW_H 600 OS window height in physical pixels

Do not use WINDOW_W / WINDOW_H for game object math. All game objects live in logical space.

Logical Canvas

Constant Value Description
GAME_W 400 Internal canvas width in logical pixels
GAME_H 300 Internal canvas height in logical pixels

SDL_RenderSetLogicalSize(renderer, GAME_W, GAME_H) makes SDL scale every draw call from 400x300 up to 800x600 automatically, producing a 2x pixel scale (each logical pixel = 2x2 physical pixels).

Timing

Constant Value Description
TARGET_FPS 60 Desired frames per second

Used to compute frame_ms = 1000 / TARGET_FPS (approximately 16 ms), which is the manual frame-cap duration when VSync is unavailable.

Tiles and Floor

Constant Value Expression Description
TILE_SIZE 48 literal Width and height of one grass tile (px)
FLOOR_Y 252 GAME_H - TILE_SIZE Y coordinate of the floor’s top edge

The floor is drawn by repeating the active 48x48 floor tile across the full level width at y=FLOOR_Y, with gaps cut out at each floor-gap position.

Physics

Constant Value Type Description
GRAVITY 800.0f float Downward acceleration in px/s^2
FLOOR_GAP_W 32 int Width of each floor gap in logical pixels
MAX_FLOOR_GAPS 16 int Maximum number of floor gaps per level

Every frame while airborne: player->vy += GRAVITY * dt.

At 60 FPS (dt approximately 0.016s) gravity adds ~12.8 px/s per frame. The jump impulse (-325.0f px/s) produces a moderate arc.

Camera

Constant Value Type Description
WORLD_W 1600 int Total logical level width (4 x GAME_W)
CAM_LOOKAHEAD_VX_FACTOR 0.20f float Camera lookahead pixels per px/s of player horizontal velocity
CAM_LOOKAHEAD_MAX 50.0f float Maximum lookahead offset in either direction
CAM_SMOOTHING 8.0f float Lerp speed factor (per second); higher = snappier follow
CAM_SNAP_THRESHOLD 0.5f float Sub-pixel distance at which the camera snaps exactly to target

WORLD_W defines the full scrollable level width. The visible canvas is always GAME_W (400 px); the Camera struct tracks the left edge of the viewport in world coordinates.

Player Constants

Frame/hitbox constants live in player_internal.h; movement defaults live in player_lifecycle.c; jump/climb constants live in focused helper files.

Constant Value Description
PLAYER_FRAME_W 48 Width of one sprite frame in the sheet (px)
PLAYER_FRAME_H 48 Height of one sprite frame in the sheet (px)
PLAYER_FLOOR_SINK 16 Visual overlap onto the floor tile to prevent floating feet
PLAYER_PHYS_PAD_X 15 Pixels trimmed from each horizontal side of the frame for the physics box (physics width = 48 - 30 = 18 px)
PLAYER_PHYS_PAD_TOP 18 Pixels trimmed from the top of the frame
PLAYER_COYOTE_TIME 0.10f Post-edge jump grace window

Why PLAYER_FLOOR_SINK?

The player.png sprite sheet has transparent padding at the bottom of each 48x48 frame. Without the sink offset, the physics floor edge (y + h = FLOOR_Y) would leave the character visually floating 16 px above the grass. PLAYER_FLOOR_SINK compensates:

floor_snap = FLOOR_Y - player->h + PLAYER_FLOOR_SINK
           = 252      - 48        + 16
           = 220

The character’s sprite appears to rest naturally on the grass at that Y.

Animation Tables in player_animation.c

Static arrays indexed by AnimState (0 = ANIM_IDLE, 1 = ANIM_WALK, 2 = ANIM_JUMP, 3 = ANIM_FALL, 4 = ANIM_CLIMB):

static const int ANIM_FRAME_COUNT[5] = { 4,   4,   2,   1,   2   };
static const int ANIM_FRAME_MS[5]    = { 150, 100, 150, 200, 100 };
static const int ANIM_FIRST_FRAME[5] = { 0,   4,   8,   12,  16  };
Index State Frames ms/frame First frame Sheet row
0 ANIM_IDLE 4 150 0 Row 0
1 ANIM_WALK 4 100 4 Row 1
2 ANIM_JUMP 2 150 8 Row 2
3 ANIM_FALL 1 200 12 Row 3
4 ANIM_CLIMB 2 100 16 Row 4

Movement Defaults in player_lifecycle.c

Constant Value Description
WALK_MAX_SPEED 100.0f Walking speed cap (px/s)
RUN_MAX_SPEED 250.0f Running speed cap (px/s)
WALK_GROUND_ACCEL 750.0f Ground walk acceleration (px/s²)
RUN_GROUND_ACCEL 600.0f Ground run acceleration (px/s²)
GROUND_FRICTION 550.0f Ground braking with no input (px/s²)
GROUND_COUNTER_ACCEL 100.0f Extra braking when reversing (px/s²)
AIR_ACCEL_WALK 350.0f Air walk acceleration (px/s²)
AIR_ACCEL_RUN 180.0f Air run acceleration (px/s²)
AIR_FRICTION 80.0f Passive air drag (px/s²)

Jump / Climb Constants

Constant Value Location Description
JUMP_VY -325.0f player_jump.c Jump impulse
JUMP_BUFFER_TIME 0.10f player_jump.c Pre-landing jump input buffer
JUMP_CUT_FACTOR 0.45f player_jump.c Jump shortening when input released
CLIMB_SPEED 80.0f player_input.c Vertical climb speed
CLIMB_H_SPEED 80.0f player_input.c Horizontal climb drift
PLAYER_CLIMB_GRAB_PAD 4 player_climb.c Extra grab width around climbables

Audio Constants in main.c

Value Description
44100 Audio sample rate (Hz)
MIX_DEFAULT_FORMAT 16-bit signed samples
2 Stereo channels
2048 Mixer buffer size (samples)
13 Music volume (0-128, approximately 10%) set in game_init

Derived Values Quick Reference

Expression Result Meaning
WINDOW_W / GAME_W 2x Horizontal pixel scale factor
WINDOW_H / GAME_H 2x Vertical pixel scale factor
1000 / TARGET_FPS ~16 ms Frame budget
GAME_H - TILE_SIZE 252 FLOOR_Y
FLOOR_Y - PLAYER_FRAME_H + PLAYER_FLOOR_SINK 220 Player start / floor snap Y
GAME_W / TILE_SIZE ~8.3 Tiles needed to fill the floor
WATER_FRAMES x WATER_ART_W 128 WATER_PERIOD – seamless repeat distance

platform.h Constants

Constant Value Description
MAX_PLATFORMS 32 Maximum platform placements per level

water.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
WATER_FRAMES 8 int Total animation frames in water.png
WATER_FRAME_W 48 int Full slot width per frame in the sheet (px)
WATER_ART_DX 16 int Left offset to visible art within each slot
WATER_ART_W 16 int Width of actual art pixels per frame
WATER_ART_Y 17 int First visible row within each frame
WATER_ART_H 31 int Height of visible art pixels
WATER_PERIOD 128 int Pattern repeat distance: WATER_FRAMES x WATER_ART_W
WATER_SCROLL_SPEED 40.0f float Rightward scroll speed (px/s)

spider.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_SPIDERS 16 int Maximum spider placements per level
SPIDER_FRAMES 3 int Animation frames in spider.png (192/64 = 3)
SPIDER_FRAME_W 64 int Width of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
SPIDER_ART_X 20 int First visible col within each frame slot
SPIDER_ART_W 25 int Width of visible art (cols 20-44)
SPIDER_ART_Y 22 int First visible row within each frame slot
SPIDER_ART_H 10 int Height of visible art (rows 22-31)
SPIDER_SPEED 50.0f float Walk speed (px/s)
SPIDER_FRAME_MS 150 int Milliseconds each animation frame is held

fog.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_FOG_TEXTURES 4 int Maximum fog texture paths loaded from fog_layers
FOG_MAX 4 int Maximum concurrent fog instances

parallax.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_BACKGROUND_LAYERS 8 int Maximum number of background layers the system can hold

coin.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_COINS 64 int Maximum coin placements per level
COIN_DISPLAY_W 16 int Render width in logical pixels
COIN_DISPLAY_H 16 int Render height in logical pixels
COIN_SCORE 100 int Score awarded per coin collected
SCORE_PER_LIFE 1000 int Score multiple that grants a bonus life

vine.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_VINES 24 int Maximum number of vine instances
VINE_W 16 int Sprite width in logical pixels
VINE_H 32 int Content height after removing transparent padding
VINE_SRC_Y 8 int First pixel row with content in vine textures
VINE_SRC_H 32 int Height of content area in vine textures
VINE_STEP 19 int Vertical spacing between stacked tiles (px)

fish.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_FISH 16 int Maximum fish placements per level
FISH_FRAMES 2 int Horizontal frames in fish.png (96x48 sheet)
FISH_FRAME_W 48 int Width of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
FISH_FRAME_H 48 int Height of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
FISH_RENDER_W 48 int On-screen render width in logical pixels
FISH_RENDER_H 48 int On-screen render height in logical pixels
FISH_SPEED 70.0f float Horizontal patrol speed (px/s)
FISH_JUMP_VY -280.0f float Upward jump impulse (px/s)
FISH_JUMP_MIN 1.4f float Minimum seconds before next jump
FISH_JUMP_MAX 3.0f float Maximum seconds before next jump
FISH_HITBOX_PAD_X 16 int Horizontal inset for fair AABB collision (hitbox width = 16 px)
FISH_HITBOX_PAD_Y 13 int Vertical inset for fair AABB collision (hitbox height = 19 px)
FISH_FRAME_MS 120 int Milliseconds per swim animation frame

hud.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_HEARTS 3 int Maximum hearts the player can have
DEFAULT_LIVES 3 int Lives the player starts with
HUD_MARGIN 4 int Pixel margin from screen edges
HUD_HEART_SIZE 16 int Display size of each heart icon (px)
HUD_HEART_GAP 2 int Horizontal gap between heart icons (px)
HUD_ICON_W 16 int Display width of the player icon (px)
HUD_ICON_H 13 int Display height of the player icon (px)
HUD_ROW_H 16 int Row height for text alignment (font px)
HUD_COIN_ICON_SIZE 12 int Display size of the coin count icon (px)

bouncepad.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_BOUNCEPADS 4 int Maximum simultaneous bouncepad instances
BOUNCEPAD_W 48 int Display width of one bouncepad frame (px)
BOUNCEPAD_H 48 int Display height of one bouncepad frame (px)
BOUNCEPAD_VY_SMALL -380.0f float Small bouncepad launch impulse (px/s)
BOUNCEPAD_VY_MEDIUM -536.25f float Medium bouncepad launch impulse (px/s)
BOUNCEPAD_VY_HIGH -700.0f float High bouncepad launch impulse (px/s)
BOUNCEPAD_VY -536.25f float Default launch impulse (alias for BOUNCEPAD_VY_MEDIUM)
BOUNCEPAD_FRAME_MS 80 int Milliseconds per animation frame during release
BOUNCEPAD_SRC_Y 14 int First non-transparent row in the frame
BOUNCEPAD_SRC_H 18 int Height of the art region (rows 14-31)
BOUNCEPAD_ART_X 16 int First non-transparent col in the frame
BOUNCEPAD_ART_W 16 int Width of the art region (cols 16-31)

rail.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
RAIL_N 1 << 0 bitmask Tile opens upward
RAIL_E 1 << 1 bitmask Tile opens rightward
RAIL_S 1 << 2 bitmask Tile opens downward
RAIL_W 1 << 3 bitmask Tile opens leftward
RAIL_TILE_W 16 int Width of one tile in the sprite sheet (px)
RAIL_TILE_H 16 int Height of one tile in the sprite sheet (px)
MAX_RAIL_TILES 128 int Maximum tiles in a single Rail path
MAX_RAILS 16 int Maximum Rail instances per level

spike_block.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
SPIKE_DISPLAY_W 24 int On-screen width in logical pixels (16x16 scaled up)
SPIKE_DISPLAY_H 24 int On-screen height in logical pixels
SPIKE_SPIN_DEG_PER_SEC 360.0f float Rotation speed – one full turn per second
SPIKE_SPEED_SLOW 1.5f float Rail traversal: 1.5 tiles/s
SPIKE_SPEED_NORMAL 3.0f float Rail traversal: 3.0 tiles/s
SPIKE_SPEED_FAST 6.0f float Rail traversal: 6.0 tiles/s
SPIKE_PUSH_SPEED 220.0f float Horizontal push impulse magnitude (px/s)
SPIKE_PUSH_VY -150.0f float Upward push component on collision (px/s)
MAX_SPIKE_BLOCKS 16 int Maximum spike block instances per level

debug.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
DEBUG_LOG_MAX_ENTRIES 8 int Maximum visible log messages
DEBUG_LOG_MSG_LEN 64 int Max characters per log message (incl. null)
DEBUG_LOG_DISPLAY_SEC 4.0f float Seconds each log entry stays visible
DEBUG_FPS_SAMPLE_MS 500 int Milliseconds between FPS counter refreshes

jumping_spider.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_JUMPING_SPIDERS 16 int Maximum jumping spider placements per level
JSPIDER_FRAMES 3 int Animation frames in jumping_spider.png (192/64 = 3)
JSPIDER_FRAME_W 64 int Width of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
JSPIDER_ART_X 20 int First visible col within each frame
JSPIDER_ART_W 25 int Width of visible art (cols 20-44)
JSPIDER_ART_Y 22 int First visible row within each frame
JSPIDER_ART_H 10 int Height of visible art (rows 22-31)
JSPIDER_SPEED 55.0f float Walk speed (px/s)
JSPIDER_FRAME_MS 150 int Milliseconds per animation frame
JSPIDER_JUMP_VY -200.0f float Upward jump impulse (px/s)
JSPIDER_GRAVITY 600.0f float Downward acceleration while airborne (px/s^2)

bird.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_BIRDS 16 int Maximum bird placements per level
BIRD_FRAMES 3 int Animation frames in bird.png (144/48 = 3)
BIRD_FRAME_W 48 int Width of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
BIRD_ART_X 17 int First visible col within each frame
BIRD_ART_W 15 int Width of visible art (cols 17-31)
BIRD_ART_Y 17 int First visible row within each frame
BIRD_ART_H 14 int Height of visible art (rows 17-30)
BIRD_SPEED 45.0f float Horizontal flight speed (px/s)
BIRD_FRAME_MS 140 int Milliseconds per wing animation frame
BIRD_WAVE_AMP 20.0f float Sine-wave amplitude in logical pixels
BIRD_WAVE_FREQ 0.015f float Sine cycles per pixel of horizontal travel

faster_bird.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_FASTER_BIRDS 16 int Maximum faster bird placements per level
FBIRD_FRAMES 3 int Animation frames in faster_bird.png (144/48 = 3)
FBIRD_FRAME_W 48 int Width of one frame slot in the sheet (px)
FBIRD_ART_X 17 int First visible col within each frame
FBIRD_ART_W 15 int Width of visible art (cols 17-31)
FBIRD_ART_Y 17 int First visible row within each frame
FBIRD_ART_H 14 int Height of visible art (rows 17-30)
FBIRD_SPEED 80.0f float Horizontal speed – nearly 2x the slow bird
FBIRD_FRAME_MS 90 int Faster wing animation (ms per frame)
FBIRD_WAVE_AMP 15.0f float Tighter sine-wave amplitude (px)
FBIRD_WAVE_FREQ 0.025f float Higher frequency – more erratic curves

float_platform.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
FLOAT_PLATFORM_PIECE_W 16 int Width of each 3-slice piece (px)
FLOAT_PLATFORM_H 16 int Height of the platform sprite (px)
MAX_FLOAT_PLATFORMS 16 int Maximum float platform instances per level
CRUMBLE_STAND_LIMIT 0.75f float Seconds of standing before crumble-fall starts
CRUMBLE_FALL_GRAVITY 250.0f float Downward acceleration during crumble fall (px/s^2)
CRUMBLE_FALL_INITIAL_VY 20.0f float Initial downward velocity on crumble-start (px/s)

bridge.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_BRIDGES 16 int Maximum bridge instances per level
MAX_BRIDGE_BRICKS 16 int Maximum bricks in a single bridge
BRIDGE_TILE_W 16 int Width of one bridge.png tile (px)
BRIDGE_TILE_H 16 int Height of one bridge.png tile (px)
BRIDGE_FALL_DELAY 0.2f float Seconds between touch and first brick falling
BRIDGE_CASCADE_DELAY 0.06f float Extra seconds between successive bricks cascading outward
BRIDGE_FALL_GRAVITY 250.0f float Downward acceleration per brick during fall (px/s^2)
BRIDGE_FALL_INITIAL_VY 20.0f float Initial downward velocity on fall-start (px/s)

star_yellow.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_STAR_YELLOWS 16 int Maximum yellow star instances per level
STAR_YELLOW_DISPLAY_W 16 int Display width (logical px)
STAR_YELLOW_DISPLAY_H 16 int Display height (logical px)

last_star.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
LAST_STAR_DISPLAY_W 24 int Display width (logical px)
LAST_STAR_DISPLAY_H 24 int Display height (logical px)

axe_trap.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
AXE_FRAME_W 48 int Source sprite width (px)
AXE_FRAME_H 64 int Source sprite height (px)
AXE_DISPLAY_W 48 int On-screen display width (logical px)
AXE_DISPLAY_H 64 int On-screen display height (logical px)
AXE_SWING_AMPLITUDE 60.0f float Maximum pendulum angle from vertical (degrees)
AXE_SWING_PERIOD 2.0f float Time for one full pendulum cycle (s)
AXE_SPIN_SPEED 180.0f float Rotation speed for spin variant (degrees/s)
MAX_AXE_TRAPS 16 int Maximum axe trap instances per level

circular_saw.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
SAW_FRAME_W 32 int Source sprite width (px)
SAW_FRAME_H 32 int Source sprite height (px)
SAW_DISPLAY_W 32 int On-screen display width (logical px)
SAW_DISPLAY_H 32 int On-screen display height (logical px)
SAW_SPIN_DEG_PER_SEC 720.0f float Rotation speed (degrees/s)
SAW_PATROL_SPEED 180.0f float Horizontal patrol speed (px/s)
SAW_PUSH_SPEED 220.0f float Push impulse magnitude (px/s)
SAW_PUSH_VY -150.0f float Upward bounce component on collision (px/s)
MAX_CIRCULAR_SAWS 16 int Maximum circular saw instances per level

blue_flame.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
BLUE_FLAME_FRAME_W 48 int Animation frame width (px)
BLUE_FLAME_FRAME_H 48 int Animation frame height (px)
BLUE_FLAME_DISPLAY_W 48 int On-screen display width (logical px)
BLUE_FLAME_DISPLAY_H 48 int On-screen display height (logical px)
BLUE_FLAME_FRAME_COUNT 2 int Number of animation frames
BLUE_FLAME_ANIM_SPEED 0.1f float Seconds between frame advances
BLUE_FLAME_LAUNCH_VY -550.0f float Initial upward impulse (px/s)
BLUE_FLAME_RISE_DECEL 800.0f float Deceleration during rise (px/s^2)
BLUE_FLAME_APEX_Y 60.0f float World-space y coordinate at apex (px)
BLUE_FLAME_FLIP_DURATION 0.12f float Time to rotate 180 degrees at apex (s)
BLUE_FLAME_WAIT_DURATION 1.5f float Time hidden below floor before next eruption (s)
MAX_BLUE_FLAMES 16 int Maximum blue flame instances per level
MAX_FIRE_FLAMES 16 int Maximum fire flame instances per level

faster_fish.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_FASTER_FISH 16 int Maximum faster fish instances per level
FFISH_FRAMES 2 int Number of animation frames
FFISH_FRAME_W 48 int Frame width (px)
FFISH_FRAME_H 48 int Frame height (px)
FFISH_RENDER_W 48 int Render width (logical px)
FFISH_RENDER_H 48 int Render height (logical px)
FFISH_SPEED 120.0f float Patrol speed (px/s)
FFISH_JUMP_VY -420.0f float Jump impulse (px/s)
FFISH_JUMP_MIN 1.0f float Minimum delay between jumps (s)
FFISH_JUMP_MAX 2.2f float Maximum delay between jumps (s)
FFISH_HITBOX_PAD_X 16 int Horizontal hitbox inset (px)
FFISH_HITBOX_PAD_Y 13 int Vertical hitbox inset (px)
FFISH_FRAME_MS 100 int Frame animation duration (ms)

spike.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_SPIKE_ROWS 16 int Maximum spike row instances per level
MAX_SPIKE_TILES 16 int Maximum tiles in a single spike row
SPIKE_TILE_W 16 int Spike tile width (px)
SPIKE_TILE_H 16 int Spike tile height (px)

spike_platform.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_SPIKE_PLATFORMS 16 int Maximum spike platform instances per level
SPIKE_PLAT_PIECE_W 16 int Width of one 3-slice piece (px)
SPIKE_PLAT_H 16 int Full frame height (px)
SPIKE_PLAT_SRC_Y 5 int First content row in each piece (px)
SPIKE_PLAT_SRC_H 11 int Content height (rows 5-15, px)

ladder.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_LADDERS 16 int Maximum ladder instances per level
LADDER_W 16 int Sprite width (px)
LADDER_H 22 int Content height after cropping padding (px)
LADDER_SRC_Y 13 int First pixel row with content
LADDER_SRC_H 22 int Height of content area (px)
LADDER_STEP 8 int Vertical overlap when tiling (px)

rope.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_ROPES 16 int Maximum rope instances per level
ROPE_W 16 int Display width (full sprite width, px)
ROPE_H 36 int Display height with padding (px)
ROPE_SRC_X 0 int Source crop x offset (px)
ROPE_SRC_Y 6 int Source crop y offset (px)
ROPE_SRC_W 16 int Source crop width (full sprite width, px)
ROPE_SRC_H 36 int Source crop height (px)
ROPE_STEP 23 int Vertical spacing between stacked tiles (px)

bouncepad_small.h / bouncepad_medium.h / bouncepad_high.h Constants

Constant Value Type Description
MAX_BOUNCEPADS_SMALL 16 int Maximum small bouncepad instances
MAX_BOUNCEPADS_MEDIUM 16 int Maximum medium bouncepad instances
MAX_BOUNCEPADS_HIGH 16 int Maximum high bouncepad instances